An increase in gingival blood flow (GBF) value was noted in the chronic periodontitis group with Type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with the group with chronic periodontitis only. Diabetes can also affect GBF due to the nature of the disease, which affects the microcirculatory status.

Gender, smoking habits, marital status, place of residence, education and periodontal health knowledge are determining factors related to tooth brushing frequency. Periodontal knowledge and smoking are associated with periodontal treatment needs.