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Newborn

Trends of Microcephaly and Severe Arthrogryposis in Three Urban Hospitals following the Zika, Chikungunya and Dengue Fever Epidemics of 2016 in Jamaica

Issue: 
Vol 66, Issue 1: 2017
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2017.124
Pages: 
10–9
Synopsis: 
Newborns with the characteristics of congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus (CSAZ) are being born in urban hospitals after the 2016 Zika virus epidemic in Jamaica. Phenotypic features include microcephaly, craniofacial disproportion, neuro-imaging and neuro-pathological findings and arthrogryposis. A trend towards babies being delivered with small head circumferences, but not yet in the range of microcephaly and others with normal head sizes who were born to women who were symptomatic in pregnancy is also being observed. While, most babies with probable CSAZ are being born to asymptomatic women who did not report any symptoms related to arbovirus illness in pregnancy. Diagnosis is challenged by serological cross-reactivity between circulating flaviviruses. Team management is multidisciplinary to maximize the neuro-developmental potential of this vulnerable patient population.
ABSTRACT
 
Introduction: Jamaica experienced its maiden Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in 2016, while dengue (serotypes 3 and 4) and chikungunya were also circulating.
 
Aim: We describe initial trends in microcephaly and arthrogryposis observed by the clinicians from three urban birthing facilities during late 2016 to early 2017.
Received: 
08 Jun, 2017
Accepted: 
12 Jun, 2017
Published: 
08 Mar, 2017
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimjiss12017_10_19.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Special Articles
Keywords: 
Aedes aegypti mosquito
chikungunya fever
congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus
dengue fever
Jamaica
microcephaly
Newborn
Journal Authors: 
T James-Powell
Y Brown
CDC Christie
R Melbourne-Chambers
JT Moore
O Morgan
B Butler
K Swaby
A Garbutt
J Anzinger
RB Pierre
A Onyonyor
L Bryan
PM Palmer
P Mitchell
P Johnson
K Bishop
JR Jaggon
W De La Haye
e-Published: 12 Jun, 2017

Latitude Gradients and Secular Trends in Sex Ratios at Birth: Europe and North America and a Global Overview

DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2017.093
Pages: 
Synopsis: 
The sex ratio at birth is in overall decline in Europe and North America. However, this decline has reversed in Mexico and stabilised in the United States. There was a temporary significant rise in M/F in Central Europe following Chernobyl.

ABSTRACT

Objective: In all continents, latitude gradients and secular trends have been found in the male-female ratio at birth (M/F: male births divided by total births), which is anticipated to approximate 0.515.

Methods: Annual national data for countries comprising Europe and North America for male and female live births were obtained from the World Health Organisation and analysed with contingency tables.

Received: 
11 Apr, 2017
Accepted: 
01 May, 2017
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon grech-sex_ratios_at_birth.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Original Articles
Keywords: 
: Birth rate/*trends
Europe
Infant
Newborn
North America
Sex ratio
Journal Authors: 
V Grech
e-Published: 18 May, 2017

Disclaimer

Manuscripts that are Published Ahead of Print have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication by the Editorial Board of the West Indian Medical Journal. They may appear in their original format and may not be copy edited or formatted in the style guide of this Journal. While accepted manuscripts are not yet assigned a volume, issue or page numbers, they can be cited using the DOI and date of e-publication. See our Instructions for Authors on how to properly cite manuscripts at this stage. The contents of the manuscript may change before it is published in its final form. Manuscripts in this section will be removed once they have been issued to a volume and issue, but will still retain the DOI and date of e-publication.

Israel Exhibits a Homogenous Male-to-Female Ratio at Birth for All Races and Religions

Issue: 
Vol 71, Issue 1: 2024
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2016.472
Pages: 
69-72
Synopsis: 
The proportion of male live births may fall with stress. This paper fails to find evidence of stress using the gender ratio at birth in Israel, when the country is studied by race or religion.

ABSTRACT

Objective: Male live births occur in excess of female live births and their ratio (M/F) is usually expressed as male divided by total births. The value of M/F varies, declining with stress. Israel has been shown to have a relatively stable M/F. This study was carried out in order to ascertain whether there were any racial or religious differences in M/F in Israel, and to compare with totals for Europe and North America.

Received: 
06 Sep, 2016
Accepted: 
05 Oct, 2016
Published: 
30 Mar, 2024
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimj-iss1-2024_69_72.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Original Articles
Keywords: 
Birth rate trends
Infant
Israel
Newborn
politics
gender ratio
Journal Authors: 
V Grech
e-Published: 02 Nov, 2016

Racial Differences in Seasonal Variation in Election and Non-election Years in the Male to Female Ratio at Birth in the United States

DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2016.204
Synopsis: 
The male-to-female birth ratio varies seasonally. United States births by gender and race (2003-13, n=45138496) were analysed. Seasonality may have been disturbed/reduced in most years due to elections. Black births were unaffected possibly due to chronic, socio-economic stress.

ABSTRACTS

Objective: In humans, male births exceed female births. This ratio is conventionally expressed to M/F and is influenced by a large number of factors, including stress. This study was carried out in order to ascertain whether the known seasonal variation in M/F in the United States (peaking in June) is affected by the quadrennial elections (November), and whether any such influences vary by race.

Received: 
04 May, 2016
Accepted: 
15 Jun, 2016
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon grech_and_borg-us_m-f_election_seasonality.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Original Articles
Keywords: 
Infant
Sex ratio
Newborn
United States
Birth Rate/trends
periodicity
seasons
Journal Authors: 
V Grech
T Borg
e-Published: 29 Jun, 2016

Disclaimer

Manuscripts that are Published Ahead of Print have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication by the Editorial Board of the West Indian Medical Journal. They may appear in their original format and may not be copy edited or formatted in the style guide of this Journal. While accepted manuscripts are not yet assigned a volume, issue or page numbers, they can be cited using the DOI and date of e-publication. See our Instructions for Authors on how to properly cite manuscripts at this stage. The contents of the manuscript may change before it is published in its final form. Manuscripts in this section will be removed once they have been issued to a volume and issue, but will still retain the DOI and date of e-publication.

Transient Isolated Right Ventricular Hypertrophy in a Newborn

Issue: 
Vol 69, Issue 8: 2022
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2016.078
Pages: 
593-4

 

The Editor,


Transient right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) is an uncommon condition, which is seen during the newborn period.

Received: 
26 Feb, 2016
Accepted: 
31 Mar, 2016
Published: 
20 Jul, 2022
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimj-iss8-2022_593_594.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Letters to the Editor
Keywords: 
Ductus arteriosus
Newborn
right ventricular hypertrophy
Transient
Journal Authors: 
O Ilhan
S Akbay
SA Ozdemir
S Memur
B Kanar
AR Bakiler
e-Published: 05 Apr, 2016

Urticaria Due to Cow’s Milk Allergy in an Exclusively Breast-fed Newborn

Issue: 
Vol 67, Issue 3: 2018
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2015.422
Pages: 
292-3

 

The Editor,

Sir,

Received: 
03 Aug, 2015
Revised: 
17 Nov, 2015
Accepted: 
20 Nov, 2015
Published: 
19 Nov, 2018
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimj-iss3-2018_292_293.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Letters to the Editor
Keywords: 
Cow’s milk allergy
Newborn
urticaria
Journal Authors: 
O Ilhan
EA Ozer
SA Ozdemir
S Akbay
S Memur
B Kanar
S Sutcuoglu
MM Tatli
e-Published: 31 Mar, 2016

Seasonal Variation by Race in the Male-to-Female Ratio at Birth in the United States

Issue: 
Vol 69, Issue 2: 2021
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2015.279
Pages: 
129-33
Synopsis: 
Births by gender and by race for 2003–13 in the United States of America showed more male births in Asians, followed by Whites and American Indian/Alaska Native populations. Significant seasonality was present (with a peak in June) for Whites more than Blacks/African-Americans.

ABSTRACT

Objective: In humans, males’ births exceed females’ births. This ratio is conventionally referred to as M/F and is used to denote male births divided by total births. This ratio is influenced by a large number of factors and has been shown to exhibit seasonality. This study was carried out in order to ascertain whether seasonal variation in M/F exists in the United States of America and whether such variations are influenced by race.

Received: 
28 May, 2015
Accepted: 
30 Sep, 2015
Published: 
22 Jun, 2021
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimj-iss2-2021_129_133.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Original Articles
Keywords: 
Birth Rate/trends
Infant
Newborn
periodicity
Sex ratio
United States
Journal Authors: 
V Grech
T Borg
e-Published: 24 Mar, 2016

Plasma Kisspeptin Levels in Hypothyroidism and Premature Newborns

Issue: 
Vol 65, Issue 3: 2016
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2015.287
Pages: 
525-28
Synopsis: 
Kisspeptin may play a role clarification in the newborn period of various changes. A statistically significant kisspeptin levels was determined between hypothyroid and the control groups and also a statistically significant kisspeptin levels was seen between the premature and control groups.

ABSTRACT

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine kisspeptin levels in healthy newborns and to show whether there is significant difference kisspeptin levels between males and females in hypothyroid newborns and healthy term newborns.

Received: 
03 Jun, 2015
Accepted: 
30 Jun, 2015
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimj_iss3_2016_525_528.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Original Articles
Keywords: 
hypothyroidism
Newborn
kisspeptin
premature
Journal Authors: 
A Kaya
Z Orbak
H Polat
E Şebin
İ Polat
E Gülfidan
e-Published: 15 Mar, 2016

Labour Pain Management with Water Immersion

Issue: 
Vol 67, Issue 1: 2018
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2015.407
Pages: 
46-51
Synopsis: 
Pain in childbirth and its control is one of the main concerns of health workers. Immersion in water during labour seemed a useful, economical and safe method for the management of pain in childbirth.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the effect of water immersion on labour and delivery and on the health of the mother and the newborn.

Received: 
20 Jul, 2015
Accepted: 
11 Sep, 2015
Published: 
20 Apr, 2018
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimj-iss1-2018_46_51.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Original Articles
Keywords: 
Hydrotherapy
labour
Newborn
non-pharmacological analgesic measures
pain
pregnancy
Journal Authors: 
JM Martínez-Galiano
e-Published: 14 Jan, 2016

State and Regional Differences in the Male-to-female Ratio at Birth in the United States, 1995–2012

Issue: 
Vol 65, Issue 1: 2016
DOI: 
10.7727/wimj.2014.284
Pages: 
180–4
Synopsis: 
Live male births slightly exceed females (M/F). This ratio is influenced by many factors. This study analysed live births (1995–2012, n = 52 601 559) in the United States of America. Southern states had a higher proportion of Black births and significantly lower M/F. This may be due to chronic stress due to disadvantaged socio-economic conditions.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In humans, live male births slightly exceed females and this ratio is conventionally expressed as male live births divided by total live births (M/F). A wide variety of factors have been shown to influence M/F including latitude, stress, socio-economic status and race. This study was carried out in order to ascertain whether there are differences in M/F in different states and in different geographical regions in the United States of America (USA).

Received: 
15 Oct, 2014
Accepted: 
29 Oct, 2015
PDF Attachment: 
PDF icon wimj_iss1_2016_180_184.pdf
Journal Sections: 
Original Articles
Keywords: 
Infant
Sex ratio
Newborn
Journal Authors: 
V Grech
e-Published: 15 May, 2015

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West Indian Medical Journal

Faculty of Medical Sciences,
The University of the West Indies,
Mona, Kingston 7
Tel: (876) 927-1214
Fax: (876) 927-1846
wimj@uwimona.edu.jm
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